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The Wildlife of Iceland

Naturalists will rejoice at the stunning biodiversity that can be found here in Iceland. The animals that have adapted to life at this northern latitude are impressive survivors that you can see up close as they battle the elements. Some of the most popular animals are the seabirds, small land mammals and the majestic marine mammals.

Avian life
While more than 300 species of birds have been recorded throughout Iceland, the most popular are undeniably the puffins, which populate the coastlines. They can be seen best from April to September. Golden plovers, ravens, and snipes can also be found here. The beloved Arctic Tern can be spotted soaring above the frigid northern waters, and the ptarmigan is considered quite a delicacy. This short list is far from exhaustive – there are many species of gulls, skuas, waders, stilts, shearwaters, petrels, and others.

Marine mammals
Many explorers visit the north Atlantic for its wealth of marine mammals, and Iceland is no exception, with visitors like whales, dolphins, and seals that can all be spotted soaring gracefully through the water before coming up for air. The whale & porpoise species you are likely to see here are humpback whales, Minke whales, white-beaked dolphins, and harbor porpoises.

All of these mammals survive because of one very important part of the marine ecosystem – the endless supply of fish (over 300 species to be exact) – which thrive in the nutrient rich cold water around this island nation.

Land mammals
It’s actually not unheard of to come across a polar bear that has drifted to Iceland on a floating piece of ice from neighboring Greenland, but that’s certainly not the norm. Iceland’s native land mammals are much smaller than the mighty polar bear and include the Arctic fox, reindeer, rabbits, mice, and mink.

Domesticated animals
While these aren’t the most fascinating species to see on a trip to Iceland, you will still probably come across the domesticated animals that have lived here for centuries: sheep, horses, cattle, goats, and the Icelandic sheepdog.
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