The Ross Sea is located 320 kilometers from the South Pole and is known as one of Antarctica's most ecologically vital regions. This bay is rich in biodiversity and serves as a habitat for many marine species. Each year, approximately 200 visitors go to this destination to explore the environment, geological formations, and wildlife that this area has to offer.
Geographic Position
The Ross Sea is the southernmost sea on Earth, largely covered by the Ross Ice Shelf. It lies south and slightly east of New Zealand. It has an area of approximately 370,000 square miles (960,000 square kilometers) and is characterized by shallow marine regions, with depths mainly under 3,000 feet (900 meters).
It is located in a rift zone between East Antarctica and West Antarctica, which makes it a significant area of geological interest. The western margin is defined by the uplifted Transantarctic Mountains, which rise 2,000 to 4,000 meters high, while the eastern limit follows the boundary of various tectonic platelets that make up West Antarctica.
Ice Coverage and Climate
For most of the year, the Ross Sea is enveloped in pack ice. In summer, strong winds and relative warmth comes with melting ice. Temperatures can range as low as 0°F (approximately -40°F with wind chill), making it a challenging environment. February marks the warmest period, with average temperatures hovering between 0°C and 1°C, providing a more hospitable climate for travelers.
The Ross Sea Ice Shelf is Antarctica's largest ice shelf. (Cath Corpuz)
Ecosystem
The wildlife in the Ross Sea bears some similarities to those found on the Antarctic Peninsula. However, the Ross Sea boasts large colonies of Emperor Penguins on its coasts, a difference from the inland locations typically seen in the Peninsula.
Key Species
Visitors to the Ross Sea can expect to encounter a diverse range of species, including:
Emperor Penguins: The largest penguin species creates large colonies along the Ross Sea coasts and exhibits an extraordinary breeding behavior despite the Antarctic winter.
Orcas and Minke Whales: These marine mammals are frequently spotted in the nutrient-rich waters of the Ross Sea, with Orcas often seen in social pods hunting for seals, while Minke Whales feed on krill and fish.
Crabeater Seals: This speciesthrives in the cold waters of the Ross Sea, known for their great number and unique ability to filter krill through their teeth.
Adélie Penguins: Charming birds that breed in colonies along the coast, they are known for their energetic behavior and reliance on marine life for feeding.
Ross Seals: Characterized by their round bodies and white bellies, often resting on sea ice and diving deeply in search of squid and fish.
Seabirds: Ross Sea is a home to a variety of seabirds, including Antarctic Petrels and Snow Petrels, which thrive in the region's rocky shorelines.
Seasonal Variations in Wildlife Viewing
Summer months present the best opportunities for wildlife observation in the Ross Sea. As the ice melts, the area comes alive with activity. Many species, including whales and penguins, take advantage of the abundant food supply driven by summer plankton blooms. The optimal wildlife viewing period typically spans from late November to early March.
An Emperor Penguin stands with its chicks in a colony located near Cape Crozier on Ross Island, Antarctica. (Cath Corpuz)
Activities Available
Each expedition ship offers a unique range of activities tailored to your interests. Popular options include:
Zodiac Exploration: Navigate the icy waters to get a closer look at wildlife and ice formations.
Kayaking: Paddle through clear waters for a more intimate experience with the Antarctic landscape.
Walking on the Ross Ice Shelf: When weather conditions allow, guided walks on this colossal ice platform are unforgettable.
The Ross Sea is an incredible place that gives tourists the opportunity to see some of Antarctica's finest scenery and diverse species. If Antarctica is calling you, now is the perfect time to go! Connect with one of our expert Trip Planners who are ready to help you design an unforgettable journey that suits your interests and preferences. We look forward to providing you with tailored advice on planning your adventure and exploring the various available expeditions.
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